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  • Neuroprotective Developmental Care or the Possums programs have been developed using implementation science
  • Potential risks of first wave behavioural interventions for unsettled infants in the first months of life
  • Behaviourism, attachment theory & unsettled babies. Dr Pamela Douglas, Project ECHO online 14_4_23 - 20 min VIDEO
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  • Research showing the link between infant regulatory problems in the first months of life and suboptimal developmental outcomes. An update 2024 + Dr Pamela Douglas, F2F Masterclass Melbourne September 2018

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  • S7: Breastfeeding an infant who cries and fusses a lot ('the dialled up baby')
  • CH 3: The neurobiological model (NDC) of problem infant crying in the first few months of life
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Research showing the link between infant regulatory problems in the first months of life and suboptimal developmental outcomes. An update 2024 + Dr Pamela Douglas, F2F Masterclass Melbourne September 2018

Dr Pamela Douglas28th of Dec 20237th of Sep 2025

References demonstrating link between infant regulatory problems in the first months of life and behavioural or mental health problems later on

Bauml J, G, Baumann N, Avram M, Bratec SM, Breeman LD, Berndt M, et al. The Default Mode Network mediates the impact of infant regulatory problems on adult avoidant personality traits. Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. 2018(doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.11.005).

Bilgin A, Heinonen K, Girchenko P, Kajantie A. Early childhood multiple or persistent regulatory problems and diurnal salivary cortisol in young adulthood. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2024;161:106940.

Cook F, Giallo R, Hiscock H, Mensah FK, Sanchez K, Reilly S. Infant regulation and child mental health concerns: a longitudinal study. Pediatics. 2019;143(3):e20180977.

DeGangi GA, Breinbauer C, Roosevelt JD, Porges S, Greenspan S. Prediction of childhood problems at three years in children experiencing disorders of regulation during infancy. infant Mental Health Journal. 2000;21:156-175.

Hemmi MH, Wolke D, Schneider S. Associations between problems with crying, sleeping and/or feeding in infancy and long-term behavioural outcomes in childhood: a meta analysis. Arch Dis Child. 2011;96(7):622-629.

Laetitia J, Smarius CA, Strieder TGA, Loomans EM, Doreleijers TAH, Vrijkotte TGM, et al. Excessive infant crying doubles the risk of mood and behavioral problems at age 5: evidence for mediation by maternal characteristics. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2016.

Santos I, Matijasevich A, Capilheira M, Anselmi L, Barros F. Excessive crying at 3 months of age and behavioural problems at 4 years age: a prospective cohort study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 2015(doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204568).

Williams KE, Berthelsen D, Walker S, Nicholson JM. A Developmental Cascade Model of behavioral sleep problems and emotional and attentional self-regulation across early childhood. Behav Sleep Med. 2017;15(1):1-21.

Williams KE, Nicholson JM, Walker S, Berthelsen D. Early childhood profiles of sleep problems and self-regulation predict later school adjustment. British Journal of Educational Psychology. 2016;86:331-350.

Winsper C, Wolke D. Infant and toddler crying, sleeping and feeding problems and trajectories of dysregulated behavior across childhood. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 2014;42(5):831-843.

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Possums acknowledges the traditional owners of the lands upon which The Possums Programs have been created, the Yuggera and Turrbal Peoples. We acknowledge that First Nations have breastfed, slept with, and lovingly raised their children on Australian lands for at least 65,000 years, to become the oldest continuous living culture on Earth. Possums stands with the Uluru Statement from the Heart.